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3:23-cv-01525-X         Document 195         Filed 04/02/25        Page 1 of 3   PageID 6113\n\n\n\n                            UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT\n                             NORTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS\n                                  DALLAS DIVISION\n\n   BIOVANT LLC d/b/a BIOVANTE                          \u00a7\n                                                       \u00a7\n            Plaintiff,                                 \u00a7\n                                                       \u00a7\n   v.                                                  \u00a7   Civil Action No. 3:23-CV-1525-X\n                                                       \u00a7\n   BTI AG LLC, et. al,                                 \u00a7\n                                                       \u00a7\n            Defendants.                                \u00a7\n                                                       \u00a7\n\n                         MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER\n\n        Before the Court is Plaintiff Biovant LLC (Biovant)\u2019s two motions for leave to\n\nfile under seal. (Docs. 187, 188). The Court DENIES WITHOUT PREJUDICE the\n\nmotions, as the motions are facially insufficient under Fifth Circuit caselaw that\n\ngoverns the sealing of judicial records. The Court will allow Biovant to file an\n\namended motion(s) to seal within 14 days of this Order.\n\n        The Court takes very seriously its duty to protect the public\u2019s access to judicial\n\nrecords. 1 Transparency in judicial proceedings is a fundamental element of the rule\n\nof law\u2014so fundamental that sealing and unsealing orders are immediately\n\nappealable under the collateral-order doctrine. 2 The public\u2019s right to access judicial\n\nrecords is independent from\u2014and sometimes even adverse to\u2014the parties\u2019 interest. 3\n\n\n\n\n        1 See Binh Hoa Le v. Exeter Fin. Corp., 990 F.3d 410, 418 (5th Cir. 2021).\n\n        2 June Med. Servs. v. Phillips, 22 F.4th 512, 519 (5th Cir. 2022).\n\n        3 Id.\n\n\n\n                                                   1\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X         Document 195        Filed 04/02/25       Page 2 of 3      PageID 6114\n\n\n\nThat\u2019s why the judge must serve as the representative of the people and, indeed, the\n\nFirst Amendment, in scrutinizing requests to seal.\n\n       Litigants may very well have a legitimate interest in confidential discovery\n\nsecured by a protective order under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c). However,\n\n\u201c[t]hat a document qualifies for a protective order under Rule 26(c) for discovery says\n\nnothing about whether it should be sealed once it is placed in the judicial record.\u201d 4\n\nBiovant seeks to file something under seal on the judicial record. Therefore, a far\n\nmore arduous standard applies.\n\n       \u201cTo decide whether something should be sealed, the court must undertake a\n\ndocument-by-document, line-by-line balancing of the public\u2019s common law right of\n\naccess against the interests favoring nondisclosure.\u201d 5 If the Court seals information,\n\nit must give sufficient reasons to allow for appellate review. 6 Finally, \u201c[p]ublicly\n\navailable information cannot be sealed.\u201d 7\n\n       The moving party must: (1) identify precisely what information (pages, lines,\n\netc.) the party wants sealed; 8 (2) conduct a line-by-line, page-by-page analysis9\n\nexplaining and briefing why the risks of disclosure outweigh the public\u2019s right of\n\n\n       4 Id. at 521.\n\n       5 Id. (cleaned up).\n\n       6 Binh Hoa Le, 990 F.3d at 419.\n\n        7 June Med. Servs., 22 F.4th at 520. (\u201cWe require information that would normally be private\n\nto become public by entering the judicial record. How perverse it would be to say that what was once\npublic must become private\u2014simply because it was placed in the courts that belong to the public. We\nwill abide no such absurdity.\u201d (cleaned up)).\n       8 Id. at 521.\n\n        9 Trans Tool, LLC v. All State Gear Inc., No. SA-19-CV-1304-JKP, 2022 WL 608945, at *6 (W.D.\n\nTex. Mar. 1, 2022) (\u201c[I]t is certainly within a court\u2019s discretion to summarily deny a request to seal\nwhen it is apparent that the submitter has not conducted its own document-by-document, line-by-line\nreview.\u201d).\n\n                                                  2\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X          Document 195         Filed 04/02/25        Page 3 of 3      PageID 6115\n\n\n\naccess; and (3) explain why no other viable alternative to sealing exists. 10 Further,\n\nall facts recited in any such motion must be verified by the oath or declaration of a\n\nperson or persons with personal knowledge, which will assist the Court in making\n\nfact findings that can withstand appellate scrutiny. 11\n\n        The Court recognizes that typically the party seeking to seal documents may\n\nnot possess personal knowledge of the facts to be included in a motion for leave to file\n\nunder seal. In these instances, the parties should either prepare joint motions for\n\nleave to file documents under seal (and the party with personal knowledge verifies\n\nthe facts in the section on justification) or the parties should make separate filings.\n\n        IT IS SO ORDERED this 2nd day of April, 2025.\n\n\n\n\n                                               ___________________________________\n                                               BRANTLEY STARR\n                                               UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE\n\n\n\n\n        10 Planned Parenthood of Greater Tex. Family Planning & Preventative Health Servs., Inc. v.\n\nKaufman, No. 17-50534, Doc. 00514098372, at 2 (5th Cir. Aug. 1, 2017) (\u201cThis court disfavors the\nsealing of briefs or portions of the record where the parties on appeal have not articulated a legal basis\nfor the sealing.\u201d). The Fifth Circuit has \u201crepeatedly required parties to justify keeping materials under\nseal.\u201d Id.; see, e.g., Claimant ID 100236236 v. BP Expl. & Prod\u2019n, Inc., No. 16-30521 (5th Cir. Jan. 31,\n2017) (requesting letter briefs sua sponte as to whether appeal should remain under seal and entering\norder unsealing appeal); United States v. Quintanilla, No. 16-50677 (5th Cir. Nov. 16, 2016) (order\nauthorizing briefs and record excerpts to be filed under seal on condition that the parties filed redacted\nbriefs and record excerpts on the public docket).\n        11 See United States v. Edwards, 823 F.2d 111, 119 (5th Cir. 1987) (if closure of a presumptively\n\nopen proceeding is to withstand a First Amendment challenge, the court must make specific fact\nfindings that substantial probability exists that an interest of a higher value will be prejudiced and\nthat no reasonable alternatives will adequately protect that interest).\n\n                                                    3\n\f","ocr_status":2,"date_upload":"2025-04-03T11:28:11.743747-07:00","document_number":"195","attachment_number":null,"pacer_doc_id":"177017588966","is_available":true,"is_free_on_pacer":true,"is_sealed":null,"document_type":1,"description":"Memorandum Opinion and Order","acms_document_guid":""}],"date_created":"2025-04-03T09:10:36.933916-07:00","date_modified":"2025-05-02T01:53:44.924683-07:00","date_filed":"2025-04-02","time_filed":"10:35:00","entry_number":195,"recap_sequence_number":"2025-04-03.001","pacer_sequence_number":586,"description":"  Memorandum Opinion and Order Before the Court is Plaintiff Biovant LLC (Biovant)'s two motions for leave to file under seal. (Docs.  187 ,  188 ). The Court DENIES WITHOUT PREJUDICE the motions, as the motions are facially insufficient under Fifth Circuit caselaw that governs the sealing of judicial records. The Court will allow Biovant to file an amended motion(s) to seal within 14 days of this Order.  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3:23-cv-01525-X     Document 160      Filed 02/06/25    Page 1 of 12    PageID 3305\n\n\n\n                   IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT\n                   FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS\n                             DALLAS DIVISION\n\n BIOVANT LLC d/b/a BIOVANTE, \u00a7\n           Plaintiff,        \u00a7\n                             \u00a7\n V.                          \u00a7                     No. 3:23-CV-1525-X\n                             \u00a7\n BTI AG LLC, et al.,         \u00a7\n           Defendants.       \u00a7\n\n                    MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER\n\n       On November 15, 2025, Biovante filed a motion to compel discovery against\n\n Defendants BTI Ag LLC (\u201cBTI\u201d), Mark Ma, and Al Toops. (Dkt. No. 136 (\u201cMot.\n\n Compel\u201d).) United States District Judge Brantley Starr referred the motion to the\n\n undersigned magistrate judge for hearing, if necessary, and determination. (Dkt. No.\n\n 138.) After additionally conferring on the motion, the parties filed a joint status\n\n report advising the Court of their ability to resolve certain matters by agreement and\n\n identifying remaining issues requiring Court determination. (Dkt. No. 143.) The\n\n Court held a hearing on those issues on December 20, 2024. (Dkt. No. 148.)\n\n       For the reasons explained below, Biovante\u2019s motion to compel is GRANTED\n\n IN PART and DENIED IN PART.\n\n                                  I. BACKGROUND\n\n A.    Biovante\u2019s allegations.\n\n       This lawsuit arises out of business relationships that soured. Plaintiff Biovante\n\n sells biotechnology products to farmers. (Dkt. No. 51 (\u201cAm. Compl.\u201d) \u00b6 13.)\n\n\n\n                                            -1-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X     Document 160      Filed 02/06/25    Page 2 of 12    PageID 3306\n\n\n\n According to Biovante\u2019s amended complaint, Chris Masters and Mark Ma met\n\n around 2003 and arranged for the company that employed Masters at that time to\n\n sell products to Asialink\u2014a company owned by Ma\u2019s father\u2014for distribution in\n\n China. (Id. \u00b6 14.)\n\n       Masters and Ma subsequently sought to work together to bring Asialink\u2019s\n\n products to the domestic market. (See id. \u00b6 16.) Biovante alleges that their\n\n discussions culminated in \u201ca partnership . . . between Ma and Masters.\u201d (Id. \u00b6 16.)\n\n Masters created Biovante and became its CEO and sole member. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 1, 14, 16.)\n\n The men agreed that Biovante would purchase biotechnology products from the Ma-\n\n associated company in China then \u201cbottle[], label[], and package[ them] for sale\n\n exclusively under Biovante\u2019s name\u201d for distribution in the United States. (Id. \u00b6 16.)\n\n Biovante alleges that Masters and Ma agreed Biovante would be the first and\n\n \u201cexclusive/sole carrier and supplier\u201d of these biotechnology products in the United\n\n States. (Id. \u00b6 17.) Biovante received the products from China at its facility in\n\n Missouri, and it developed a system to package them for distribution in the United\n\n States. (Id. \u00b6 18.) From 2009 to 2012, Masters and Ma worked together to \u201cpresent\n\n and promote\u201d Biovante\u2019s products in America, and the company began experienced\n\n significant revenue growth as it gained prominence in its industry. (See Am. Compl.\n\n \u00b6\u00b6 17-18.)\n\n       At some point during or after 2015, Ma created BTI and secured property for a\n\n production facility in Sachse, Texas. (See id. \u00b6\u00b6 20-21.) Masters and Ma agreed that,\n\n\n\n                                            -2-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X     Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 3 of 12    PageID 3307\n\n\n\n rather than having the biotechnology products manufactured in China, BTI would\n\n instead manufacture them in Texas and supply them to Biovante. (Id. at \u00b6 21.) At\n\n the same time, Ma became integrated in Biovante\u2019s operations. While Masters drove\n\n the promotion, marketing, and sales of Biovante\u2019s products, Ma acted as Biovante\u2019s\n\n chief financial officer (\u201cCFO\u201d), was in charge of its financial records, and had access\n\n to its network of dealers, distributors, salespersons, and customers. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 22, 23.)\n\n       The relationship between Masters and Ma deteriorated sometime around\n\n 2022. (See Am. Compl. \u00b6 26.) According to Biovante, Ma sought to extract himself\n\n from the business by citing personal circumstances that Biovante alleges were untrue.\n\n (Id.) When Masters declined to end the business relationship, Ma began making\n\n changes to the arrangements between BTI and Biovante\u2014such as by having BTI\n\n charge substantially higher prices to Biovante for its products\u2014and attributed these\n\n changes to new BTI management over which he had no control. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 27-28.)\n\n       Biovante alleges that Ma, joined by other defendants who were BTI\n\n employees, sought to form a new entity\u2014\u201cBioTech Innovations\u201d\u2014to cut out\n\n Biovante and sell the same products to Biovante\u2019s customers under a different name.\n\n (Id. \u00b6 29.) Biovante further alleges that Ma and others engaged in a scheme to\n\n damage it by intentionally shipping incorrect orders and contaminated products\n\n under Biovante\u2019s name and by disparaging Biovante through false statements to its\n\n distributors and customers. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 30-31.) As Ma brought BioTech to fruition,\n\n Biovante alleges, he persuaded customers to cancel orders for Biovante products by\n\n\n\n                                            -3-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X      Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 4 of 12    PageID 3308\n\n\n\n telling them that Biovante was financially strapped and would go under in months.\n\n (Id. \u00b6 32.) Biovante also alleges that Ma misused Biovante\u2019s confidential customer\n\n lists and \u201cintentionally misappropriated other trade secret information[.]\u201d (Id. \u00b6 33.)\n\n Specifically, it contends that Ma, with the assistance of other defendants, \u201cused his\n\n access to Biovante\u2019s system to access and steal Biovante\u2019s product formulas\u201d and\n\n obtained Biovante\u2019s labeling specifications and design. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 33-34.) Once Ma\u2019s\n\n new company was operational, Biovante alleges that he continued to disparage\n\n Biovante. (Id. \u00b6 37.)\n\n        Biovante alleges several additional acts of malfeasance by Ma. Specifically, it\n\n alleges that Ma, acting as the company\u2019s CFO, transferred \u201chundreds of thousands of\n\n dollars, if not millions of dollars,\u201d from Biovante without any legitimate purpose and\n\n wrote himself more than $1.5 million in checks without any proper purpose. (Am.\n\n Compl. \u00b6 38.) It contends that its efforts to assess the extent of Ma\u2019s financial\n\n improprieties have been hampered because Ma has blocked Biovante\u2019s access to its\n\n financial records by claiming his ownership of them. (See id. \u00b6 38.) Biovante also\n\n asserts that Ma improperly used Biovante\u2019s resources to pay BTI\u2019s expenses, such as\n\n BTI\u2019s lease for the Texas facility (id. \u00b6 20), salaries of BTI employees (id. \u00b6 21), and\n\n soil testing reports used to sell products Ma\u2019s product to Biovante\u2019s customers (id.\n\n \u00b6 39). Biovante further alleges that Ma received and refused to remit payments that\n\n customers made to Biovante and unlawfully used Biovante\u2019s employer identification\n\n number to obtain credit accounts for Ma\u2019s new company. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 40-41.)\n\n\n\n                                             -4-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X     Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 5 of 12    PageID 3309\n\n\n\n       Biovante alleges several causes of action. Against Ma and BTI, it asserts\n\n claims for trade secret misappropriation; unfair competition; breach of fiduciary\n\n duty; conversion; violation of the Texas Theft Liabilities Act, Tex. Civ. Prac. &\n\n Rem. Code \u00a7 143.001 et seq.; fraud; business disparagement; tortious interference\n\n with contract and with prospective business relationship; and trademark\n\n infringement. (Am. Compl. \u00b6\u00b6 45-84, 92-116.) It asserts a claim of fraud by\n\n nondisclosure against Defendants Ma, BTI, Valko, and Nyugen, and it names\n\n Defendants Toops, Gorman, Valko, and Nguyen in claims of conspiracy related to\n\n these substantive claims. (Id. \u00b6\u00b6 50, 56, 60, 65-66, 71, 77, 84-91, 91, 105, 110, 116.)\n\n B.    The instant discovery dispute.\n\n       Biovante filed its motion to compel seeking an order requiring Defendants\n\n Ma, BTI, and Toops to provide adequate responses relating to a host of discovery.\n\n (See Mot. Compel.) The Court ordered the parties to engage in additional conference\n\n when it became apparent that the parties had not exhausted their ability to reach\n\n agreements through meaningful conference. (Dkt. No. 140.) The parties did so, and\n\n they were able to narrow the disputes between them. They subsequently filed a joint\n\n status report identifying two areas that remained in dispute and required court\n\n intervention. (Dkt. No. 143.)\n\n       With respect to the first item in dispute, the parties reached an impasse\n\n concerning Biovante\u2019s request that Ma and BTI disclose the formulas for products\n\n sold by BTI. BTI maintains that its product formulas are closely guarded trade\n\n\n\n                                            -5-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X      Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 6 of 12     PageID 3310\n\n\n\n secrets that Biovante has never possessed and are irrelevant to the claims in this\n\n litigation, and it argues that its highly secret information would be seriously\n\n jeopardized by disclosure, even under the protective order that has been entered in\n\n this case. Biovante contends that it participated in the development of those\n\n formulas and therefore has an ownership interest in them based on the \u201cpartnership\u201d\n\n between Masters and Ma. The second matter concerns Biovante\u2019s request for a\n\n native copy of BTI\u2019s QuickBooks file for 2014 to 2024. Biovante asserts that\n\n discovery of the native file is appropriate to prove its allegations of financial\n\n malfeasance by Ma and damages pertaining to multiple claims. Defendants posit\n\n that disclosure of the file should not be required because it would reveal the identities\n\n of BTI\u2019s distributors, raw material suppliers, and customers, and it would disclose\n\n BTI\u2019s volume of business, pricing, and other sensitive information.\n\n                               II. LEGAL STANDARDS\n\n        \u201cParties may obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is\n\n relevant to any party\u2019s claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case,\n\n considering the importance of the issues at stake in the action, the amount in\n\n controversy, the parties\u2019 relative access to relevant information, the parties\u2019\n\n resources, the importance of the discovery in resolving the issues, and whether the\n\n burden or expense of the proposed discovery outweighs its likely benefit.\u201d Fed. R.\n\n Civ. P. 26(b)(1). And, under Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(3)(B), a party seeking discovery\n\n\n\n\n                                             -6-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X      Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 7 of 12     PageID 3311\n\n\n\n may move the Court for an order compelling production of information when\n\n another party from whom discovery is sought fails to produce requested documents.\n\n          As the parties opposing discovery, Defendants shoulder the burden to show\n\n how the requested discovery falls outside the scope of discovery established by Rule\n\n 26(b)(1) or is otherwise objectionable. See Hunsinger v. Alpha Cash Buyers, LLC, No.\n\n 3:21-CV-1598-D, 2022 WL 1128730, at *1 (N.D. Tex. Apr. 15, 2022). \u201cA district\n\n court has wide discretion to supervise discovery . . . and may limit discovery if it\n\n would be unreasonably cumulative, could be obtained more easily from a different\n\n source, is not proportional to the needs of the case, or if the burden or expense of\n\n proposed discovery outweighs its potential benefit.\u201d ATC Media, LLC v. Michaels\n\n Stores, Inc., No. 3:22-CV-1416-N, 2023 WL 5538996, at *2 (N.D. Tex. Aug. 28,\n\n 2023).\n\n                                     III. ANALYSIS\n\n A.       Product Formulas\n\n          The Court first considers Biovante\u2019s requests to BTI and Ma seeking\n\n documents discussing or evidencing BTI\u2019s \u201cpurchase of biotechnologies, biological\n\n inputs, and other raw materials used in any way\u201d in one of several identified\n\n products and documents \u201cevidencing or discussing BTI\u2019s or Biotech\u2019s product\n\n formulas.\u201d (Dkt. No. 143 at 4. 1) Although Defendants initially asserted boilerplate\n\n\n\n\n         Biovant\u2019s motion identifies the relevant discovery as Requests for Production Nos.\n          1\n\n 35-38 to BTI and Requests for Production Nos. 29-32 to Ma. (Dkt. No. 143 at 4.)\n\n\n                                             -7-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X     Document 160     Filed 02/06/25    Page 8 of 12    PageID 3312\n\n\n\n objections to the requested discovery based on relevance and overbreadth, they now\n\n resist production of responsive information on the basis that it would disclose the\n\n product formulas used in BTI\u2019s or BioTech\u2019s products.\n\n       The parties do not dispute that the product formulas are bona fide trade\n\n secrets. At the hearing on the motion, Biovante explained its belief that it owns the\n\n product formulas. According to Biovante, it owns the product formulas developed\n\n during the Biovante/BTI partnership because the formulas were developed using\n\n Biovante resources. It also contends that the product formulas are relevant to\n\n proving its claims that Defendants are unfairly competing against Biovante by selling\n\n the same products that Biovante sells or was supposed to have exclusive rights to\n\n under their arrangement. Importantly, Biovante acknowledges that it never actually\n\n possessed the product formulas but argues that Ma \u201cmaintained\u201d them on Biovante\u2019s\n\n behalf. Defendants, however, assert that Biovante has never known the formulas\n\n and represent that BTI employs strict compartmentalization to ensure that no one\n\n other than its CEO has access to the complete formula for any product.\n\n       Upon consideration of the relevant standards, the briefing, and arguments\n\n made during the hearing, the Court denies Biovante\u2019s motion to the extent it seeks an\n\n order compelling any defendant to produce information that would disclose the\n\n product formula for a product identified by the requested discovery. A fair reading\n\n of the amended complaint shows that Biovante plausibly alleges a working\n\n arrangement between Ma/BTI and Biovante by which Biovante repackaged and\n\n\n\n                                           -8-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X      Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 9 of 12     PageID 3313\n\n\n\n distributed biotechnology products that were supplied by Ma/BTI. (See, e.g., Am.\n\n Compl. \u00b6\u00b6 16, 18, 21.) Although the complaint alleges that Biovante \u201cfurther\n\n develop[ed]\u201d those biotechnologies (see id. \u00b6 17), that unspecified allegation alone\n\n does not sufficiently provide reason for the Court to order Defendants Ma or BTI to\n\n disclose highly confidential trade secrets that Biovante has admittedly never\n\n possessed and does not know.\n\n        Biovante\u2019s argument that it owns the product formulas is not persuasive.\n\n Again, its argument is predicated upon cursory allegations that Biovante participated\n\n in some way to \u201cfurther develop\u201d the products that Ma/BTI supplied to it.\n\n Biovante\u2019s attempt to recast the product formulas as partnership property falls short\n\n because it does not allege facts necessary to show that a partnership was formed in\n\n the formal sense or that the partnership owned the product formulas.\n\n        Based on the facts alleged and arguments presented, the Court concludes that\n\n Biovante\u2019s request for the precise product formulas is not proportionate to the needs\n\n of this case or the burden and risk to Ma/BTI encompassed by disclosure of the\n\n product formulas. Biovante\u2019s motion to compel is denied in this respect.\n\n B.     QuickBooks Files\n\n        The Court next addresses Biovante\u2019s motion to compel BTI to produce a\n\n complete copy of BTI\u2019s QuickBooks accounting files. 2 Biovante argues that the\n\n\n\n        2\n         Biovant\u2019s motion identifies the relevant discovery as Requests for Production Nos.\n 41-51. (Mot. Compel. at 12.)\n\n\n                                             -9-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X    Document 160      Filed 02/06/25    Page 10 of 12    PageID 3314\n\n\n\n accounting records go \u201cdirectly to merits\u201d of its claims that Ma/BTI engaged in\n\n various kinds of financial malfeasance such as those pertaining to the use of Biovante\n\n resources to pay BTI\u2019s expenses. (Dkt. No. 143 at 13.) It contends that the records\n\n also are relevant to Biovante\u2019s claims that Ma/BTI sold products to other domestic\n\n customers during the period of the cooperative business relationship contrary to the\n\n agreement of exclusivity and to issues pertaining to damages. (Id.)\n\n       BTI objects to a complete production of its native QuickBooks files for reasons\n\n similar to its objection to producing product formulas and other sensitive business\n\n information. In BTI\u2019s view, producing the complete QuickBooks files would reveal\n\n the identity of BTI\u2019s distributors, raw materials suppliers, end-user customers,\n\n volume of business, and pricing information. (Dkt. No. 143 at 17.) At the hearing,\n\n Biovante and BTI represented that, if the Court rules that BTI must produce a copy\n\n of its QuickBooks files, these parties agreed that BTI could produce the files with\n\n information about its raw material suppliers redacted.\n\n       Upon consideration of the arguments and facts presented, the Court grants\n\n Biovante\u2019s motion in part. The financial records are relevant to Biovante\u2019s claims,\n\n particularly those pertaining to the alleged misuse of Biovante\u2019s resources and sales\n\n to customers other than Biovante during the period in which the two purportedly had\n\n an exclusive arrangement. Subject to the parties\u2019 agreement allowing BTI to redact\n\n the vendor identities and raw materials, the Court orders BTI to produce its\n\n QuickBooks files created prior to the filing of this lawsuit. To the extent Biovante\n\n\n\n                                           -10-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X    Document 160      Filed 02/06/25    Page 11 of 12      PageID 3315\n\n\n\n contends that information from BTI\u2019s financial records during this lawsuit are\n\n relevant to damages and disgorgement, the Court concludes that there exist\n\n alternative methods more proportionate to the needs of this case available to obtain\n\n that information.\n\n C.    Request for Expenses under Rule 37\n\n       Biovante requests an order pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(5)(A) requiring\n\n Defendants to pay attorney fees associated with filing its motion to compel. (Mot.\n\n Compel. at 24-25.) Rule 37 provides that, when a motion to compel is granted, \u201cthe\n\n court must, after giving an opportunity to be heard, require the party . . . whose\n\n conduct necessitated the motion, the party or attorney advising that conduct, or both\n\n to pay the movant\u2019s reasonable expenses incurred in making the motion, including\n\n attorney\u2019s fees.\u201d Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(5)(A). The rule further provides, though, that\n\n the court must not require payment of expenses if \u201c(i) the movant filed the motion\n\n before attempting in good faith to obtain the disclosure or discovery without court\n\n action; (ii) the opposing party\u2019s nondisclosure, response, or objection was\n\n substantially justified; or (iii) other circumstances make an award of expenses\n\n unjust.\u201d Id.\n\n       In view of the Court\u2019s rulings on the motion, the Court finds that Defendants\n\n were substantially justified in their nondisclosure of the product formulas. See\n\n Orthoflex, Inc. v. ThermoTek, Inc., No. 3:10-CV-2618-D, 2015 WL 4486756, at *8\n\n (N.D. Tex. July 23, 2015) (\u201cA party\u2019s discovery conduct is substantially justified\n\n\n\n                                           -11-\n\fCase 3:23-cv-01525-X    Document 160      Filed 02/06/25     Page 12 of 12    PageID 3316\n\n\n\n under Rule 37 if it is a response to a genuine dispute, or if reasonable people could\n\n differ as to the appropriateness of the contested action\u201d (internal quotation marks\n\n omitted)). Additionally, it is the Court\u2019s conclusion after a careful review of the\n\n filings that much of the disputed presented in the motion was resolved by meaningful\n\n post-motion conference between the parties, when it appears the parties genuinely\n\n sought to resolve the matters to the extent possible without court intervention. (See,\n\n e.g., Dkt. No. 143 at 17-23.) Under these circumstances, the Court concludes that an\n\n award of fees would be unjust. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(5)(A)(iii). Biovante\u2019s\n\n request for payment of expenses is denied.\n\n       For the foregoing reasons, Biovante\u2019s motion to compel (Dkt. 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